偏遠社區老年女性骨質疏鬆症盛行率與相關危險因子之研究

The Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Associated Risk Factors in Elderly Females Living in a Rural Community in Taiwan

目的：為了解台灣偏遠社區老年婦女骨質疏鬆症盛行率及其相關危險因子。方法：本研究於2009年7月，針對高雄縣田寮鄉65歲以上婦女進行隨機抽樣。每位受訪者均接受專門訓練之固定人員以結構式問卷作面對面訪談，及身高、體重、兩臂伸展距離等理學檢查；並由行動骨質密度檢測車做腰椎及髖骨之骨質密度檢查。骨質疏鬆症的診斷則依據世界衛生組織於1994年所訂之標準，包括低能量骨折病史。共取得有效樣本368位，完成率為75.9%。結果：在368位65歲以上之受訪者中，平均年齡為74.3±6.0歲，骨質疏鬆症之盛行率為60.6%，經年齡調整後盛行率為60.4%。在單變項分析中，年齡、身體質量指數、兩臂伸展距離、及喝茶習慣為羅志骨質疏鬆症相關之危險因子。經邏輯複迴歸分析後顯示，身體質量指數、兩臂伸展距離、喝茶習慣為獨立負相關危險因子，而年齡為骨質疏鬆症之獨立正相關危險因子。結論：本研究顯示，田寮鄉老年婦女骨質疏鬆症之盛行率較之前文獻為高。年齡較老、兩臂伸展距離較小、身體質量指數較低、無喝茶習慣，為罹患骨質疏鬆症之獨立危險因子。

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis and related risk factors among elderly women in a rural community in Taiwan. Methods: Subjects were randomly sampled from among women over age 65 from a rural community (Tianliao Township, Kaohsiung County) in July, 2009. Each subject received a face-to-face interview by a well-trained staff member utilizing a structured questionnaire, and physical examination including body height, body weight, and arm span was also performed. Lumbar and hip bone mineral densities were measured by mobile dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The diagnosis of osteoporosis was confirmed by either the 1994 WHO criteria or a history of non-traumatic fracture. A total of 368 subjects were enrolled for the final analysis as the response rate was 75.9%. Results: Among these 368 women, the mean age was 74.3±6.0 years and the prevalence of osteoporosis was 60.6%. Univariate analysis revealed that age, body mass index, arm span, and habitual tea drinking were associated with osteoporosis. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index, arm span and habitual tea drinking were independent negative risk factors for osteoporosis, but age was an independent positive risk factor. Conclusions: The prevalence of osteoporosis among elderly women in Tianliao was higher than that previously reported in Taiwan. Older age, lesser arm span, lower body mass index and not drinking tea were independent risk factors for osteoporosis.