臺北縣某大學新生血壓及相關健康因子分析

Blood Pressures and Related Health Factors among Freshmen Attending an University in Taipei County

背景：在台灣許多研究高血壓的議題著重於年老族群，而較少有關台灣年輕族群的高血壓研究。方法：本研究以台北縣某大學7,706位大一新生為研究對象（3,316位男性）分析收縮壓及舒張壓、獨立舒張壓和獨立收縮壓偏高的盛行率以及收縮壓及舒張壓與影響其相關的風險因素（性別、身體質量指數、尿酸、肌胺酸酐、總膽固醇）之關係。並應用普通最小二乘間迴歸(Ordinary least square regression analysis)分析檢驗收縮壓或舒張壓與這些健康因素的關係。結果：血壓偏高盛行率為13%。在收縮及舒張壓兩者皆高的血壓盛行率為3%，男性為6%而女性為0.8%。在獨立舒張性高血壓方面，男性（15.1%）和女性（6.2%）的盛行率皆顯著的大於獨立收縮性高血壓（男性11.9%、女性1.6%）。在這些大學新生中，高尿酸、高膽固醇、高肌胺酸酐的盛行率分別為41.7%、30.5%及6.6%。與女性學生相比較，男性學生在身體質量指數、收縮壓、舒張壓、尿酸、肌氨酸酐顯著的高於女性（p<0.001）。結論：我們研究的結果顯示年輕族群的收縮壓和舒張壓與性別、身體質量指數、肌胺酸酐、總膽固醇以及尿酸的程度等因素相關。且我們發現對我們大學新生血壓的影響，身體質量指數及性別為最具有影響力的因素。

Background: Many hypertensive studies done in Taiwan have focused on older population. There is a paucity of data on hypertension in young Taiwanese adults. Methods: We analysed the prevalence of elevated systolic-diastolic blood pressure (SDBP), elevated isolated diastolic blood pressure (IDBP) and elevated isolated systolic blood pressure (ISBP), and the associations between systolic and diastolic blood pressures with possible risk factors [gender, body mass index (BMI), serum uric acid (UA), creatinine (Cr) and total cholesterol levels (TCHL)] among 7,706 freshmen (3,316 men) attending an university in Taipei county. Ordinary least square regression was applied to analyze the association of SBP or DBP with examined health factors. Results: The prevalence of elevated blood pressure in this study population of young adults was 13%. The prevalence of elevated SDBP among our total, male and female students was 3.0%, 6.0% and 0.8% respectively. The prevalence of elevated IDBP in male (15.1%) and female freshmen (6.2%) was significantly higher than the prevalence of elevated ISBP (11.9% in males and 1.6% in females). The prevalence of hyperuricemia, hypercholesterolemia, and elevated serum CR were 41.7%, 30.5%, and 6.6% among our freshmen. Compared with female counterparts, male students tend to have higher BMI, SBP, DBP, UA, and Cr levels (p＜0.001). Conclusions: Our data showed the change the related health factors (gender, BMI, and serum Cr, TCHL and UA levels) was associated with DBP or SBP among our freshmen. Gender and BMI were the two strongest predictors for blood pressure in our study group.