醫院員工身體質量指數與運動習慣之現況分析

An Exploratory al Study of Body Mass Index and Exercise Status among Hospital’s Staff

員工是醫院的資產，員工的健康是醫院提供完善醫療品質的基礎；因此，醫院有責任維持與促進員工的健康，並提供一個健康的工作環境以促進員工的健康，過去極少研究以醫院員工為對象深入探討他們的健康狀況，尤其是他們的健康生活習慣，再者，台北市衛生局在2002年11月首度舉辦健康醫院評鑑，其中減重項目所佔比例最高。本研究主要目的乃在除了關心醫院員工身體質量指數(BMI)的分布及其影響因素之外，更初步調查醫院員工的運動情形，期望藉此健康狀態評估之調查，作為規劃健康促進醫院計畫之基礎。本研究為橫斷性研究，以結構性問卷來收集三軍總醫院649位員工的健康相關資料，研究結果發現研究對象BMI 平均值為22.0，BMI值在27以上達到「肥胖」標準者佔了8.9%；BMI值為24-27達到「過重」標準者佔了15.5%，BMI值屬於標準值(18.5-24)者佔了61.7%，而BMI值在18.5以下者則為13.9%。有規律運動習慣之醫院員工佔41.4%，其每週運動平均次數為2.5次，每次平均運動時間約為49分鐘，主要運動的類型以跑步為最多，其次是游泳。沒有運動習慣者不運動的原因以工作繁忙以致太累佔73.9%為最多，其次是沒有時間佔51.3%。更進一步分析BMI與運動之相關性，統計上並無顯著差異。在影響BMI因素的邏輯斯複迴歸模式中發現在「過重組」中「性別」有統計上的顯著意義，男性過重的風險為女性的四倍之多(OR=4.47, 95% CI=2.20-9.04)；而有無規律運動之邏輯斯複迴歸分析，發現在控制其它變項後，服務年資為10年以上者且有規律運動的機會者為服務年資5年以下者的1.95倍(95% CI=1.09-3.56)，而護理人員卻比醫院的行政人員有顯著較低的運動機會(OR=0.55, 95% CI=0.32-0.94)。上述影響因子可做為未來醫院規劃員工健康促進的依據，以增進員工健康。

Human resource is the vital asset of a hospital and the good health of employees is the fundamental of the appropriate healthcare services. The healthcare managers have duties to enable and improve the good health of employees in hospitals. However, only few studies focus on the hospital employees' health, particularly in their healthy life styles. Moreover, Department of Health, Taipei City Government conducted a healthy hospital evaluation in Taipei in December. 2002. The proportion of lost weight was one of the highest priorities. This study was aimed to describe the body mass index (BMI) and regular exercise among hospital's staff, and to explore their determinants. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to analyze 649 subjects from Tri-Service General Hospital in Taipei in 2002. We found that the average BMI of the hospital's staff was 22.0 with 8.9% subjects being obese (BMI＞27) and 15.5% subjects overweight (27≧BMI≧24). With regard to the regular exercise, 41.4% of subjects expressed that they did exercise regularly. They did exercise 2.5 times weekly and 49 minutes/per time in average. Jogging and swimming were the more popular activities than other types of exercises. Among those subjects without regular exercise, too busy or too tired were the main reasons. In the logistic regression model of BMI, the gender was the only factor to predict the ”overweight” group in BMI. The male was more prone to be overweighed than the female subjects (OR=4.47, 95% CI=2.20-9.04). In the logistic regression model of regular exercise, we found that length of services and job categories were the factors to affect the habit of regular exercise. Those subjects served more than 10 years were more likely to have regular exercise than those served less than 5 years in the hospital (OR=1.95, 95% CI=1.09-3.56). The nursing staff were less likely to have regular exercise than those administrative staff in the hospital (OR=0.55, 95% CI=0.34-0.94). Our findings can be applied to health promotion planning in the hospital to improve the health status of hospital's staff.