從日本「特定商取引法」修正反思我國「訪問交易」之行政監督

A Critical Review of the Administrative Supervision of Door-to-Door Sales in Light of the Amendment of the Act on Specified Commercial Transactions

隨著消費時代的來臨，企業經營者為刺激消費者的購買慾望，除具體商品之銷售，也將國際度假村、護膚美容、語文補習班、升學補習班、家教老師之派遣電腦補習班，婚姻仲介此種服務提供買賣之交易方式，從以往的實體店舖買賣，改變成透過對於消費者積極接近的訪問販賣手法。由於不當的推銷行為及誇大廣告等事件逐年增加，雖然1994年起我國公布的消費者保護法（以下稱「消保法」）以為立法規範，但新興之交易方式及特殊交易類型不斷翻新，適當的規範條文未能與時俱進，對交易內容不明確而冒然進入交易關係致消費者造成損害的案件頻傳。鑑於我國消保法自立法與歷次修法均相當重視並參照日本「特定商交易法」（特定商取引に関する法律），是以本篇要旨在藉由具體案例，分析我國消保法對於訪問交易規範內容簡略，以及交易行為行政監督不足。並參酌日本國會自2000年至2015年對訪問交易行政監督歷次修正內容，考察日本一元化消費者保護廳結合特種商交易法管制之建置。比較我國消保法制與其規範差異檢討其優劣，嘗試就我國此次修法之內容提出評析與建議。

The main research subject of this dissertation deals with Act on Specified Commercial Transactions as door-to-door sales, in Japan. The comparison between the consumer protection law of Japan and Taiwan is also the keypoint. The field of research has been restricted to commonality of the laws of both country, the purpose is to focus on the problems of the effective consumer protection law which concerns with extraordinary purchase and sale on door-to-door sales and the appliance of this law at this field. Problems and questions which been arisen are identified, analyzed and possible solutions and proposal are made. The method of research is mainly the study of Act on specified commercial transactions of Japan and compare with explanations of consumer protection commission. The main goal is to identify the deficiency of the national law and find out the methods for its improvements.