「二至五歲幼兒認知發展家長問卷」之編製

The Behavioral Rating Inventory of Cognitive Development for 2-5 Year Olds: A Parent-Completed Assessment

本研究旨在編製一份可以用來評估二至五歲幼兒認知發展的家長問卷，問卷主 要針對過去文獻中指出與學齡兒童之學習成就表現密切相關的記憶能力和執行功能 兩大能力進行題目編選，希望透過蒐集主要照顧者在日常生活中對於幼兒行為的了 解資料，推斷幼兒在這兩大項認知能力的整體發展概況。研究分為預試和正式施測 兩個階段，預試階段的研究對象為252 名二至五歲幼兒家長，透過項目分析，編製 正式施測問卷。正式施測階段以另外的117 名二至五歲幼兒及其家長作為研究對 象，針對施測結果進行因素分析、信度分析以及效度分析。研究結果顯示，這份問 卷具有良好的內部一致性信度和不錯的再測信度。效度分析結果發現，由家長利用 本問卷評定的幼兒認知能力與利用「嬰幼兒綜合發展測驗」針對幼兒進行認知個測 的結果間有高度相關；另外，測驗得分隨年齡增加而顯著增加，顯示本問卷具有良 好的同時效度和區辨效度，可以做為一個在自然情境中評估幼兒相關認知能力發展 狀況之工具。

The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Cognitive Development for 2-5 Year Olds (BRICD)， a parent-completed rating scale designed to assess everyday behavioral manifestations of young children’s memory and executive functions. The scale was developed based on one sample of 252 parents and the other sample of 117 kids and their parents. The findings indicate good internal reliability， temporal stability and adequate psychometric properties for use as a tool to understand development of memory and executive functions in young children. Higher parent ratings on the BRICD were associated with higher scores on the Comprehensive Developmental Inventory for Infants and Toddlers. Scores of older children were significantly higher than younger children. The BRICD can be a complementary tool by which to reliably assess memory and executive functions in young children via everyday behaviors in the natural environment.