依附、因應策略和青少年生活適應困擾之中介模式分析研究

Attachment, Coping, and Adolescent Adjustment Problems: Examining Three Competing Mediation Models

本研究主要目的在探討青少年的因應策略使用在依附與生活適應困擾間的中介角色，共招募519名高中／職一年級學生參與研究。研究者採用多變量分析、積差相關和結構方程模式進行統計分析，研究發現（1）男生的母親依附逃避較女生高，消極因應則較女生低，其他變項無顯著性別差異；（2）雙親依附焦慮和依附逃避與因應策略的使用之關聯，依因應策略不同而有差異；（3）雙親依附焦慮和依附逃避與青少年的適應困擾，呈顯著低度正相關；（4）消極因應策略的使用與生活適應困擾，呈顯著中度正相關，其餘因應策略則與生活適應困擾呈顯著負相關；（5）對雙親的依附逃避可以透過積極和消極因應策略，間接影響生活適應困擾；（6）對母親的依附焦慮可直接影響生活適應困擾，亦可透過積極和消極因應策略，間接影響自陳生活適應困擾；（7）對父親的依附焦慮可直接影響生活適應困擾，並透過消極因應策略，間接影響生活適應困擾；（8）父親依附焦慮無法透過積極因應，間接影響生活適應困擾。根據研究結果，研究者建議實務工作者，針對父親依附焦慮高和母親依附焦慮高的青少年，採取不同的介入方案，以降低依附焦慮對其適應的不良影響。

The purpose of the current study was to explore the mediating effects of copingon the relation between parental attachment and adolescent adjustment problems among Taiwanese adolescents. Five hundred and nineteen 10th graders participated in this study， and the structural equation modeling technique was applied to analyze the data. The results indicated that different coping strategies correlated differently to parental attachment and that passive coping was significantly and positively related to adjustment problems while other coping strategies were negatively related to adjustment problems. Most importantly， attachment avoidance toward parents had significant indirect effects on adolescent adjustment problems through active coping and passive coping. Also， maternal attachment anxiety had both direct and indirect effects on adjustment problems through active coping and passive coping. On the other hand， paternal attachment anxiety had both direct and indirect effects on adjustment problem only through passive coping， but not active coping. Based on these findings， the authors recommend that interventions should be tailored to fit different needs of adolescents with high levels of paternal attachment anxiety and those with high levels of maternal attachment anxiety.