起重機吊掛安全脫離控制裝置研發

The Design of Remote-Controlled Safety Released Device for Crane's Payload

掛載脫離裝置為搭配塔式起重機在吊掛物體時所使用的掛載設備，目的在使起重機能安全且順利地吊掛起所需搬運之物體，以便將其移動至所需之位置。現今大部分的掛載脫離裝置，乃是採用由操作人員拉動開關，使起重機與吊掛物體產生脫離，但此方式仍有許多不便之處及潛在危險存在。有鑑於此，本論文最大的目的即在研發一套遙控式的 「掛載自動脫離裝置」 。此裝置乃是採用8051 微控制晶片作為整個系統控制時序之核心，並透過無線電式發射、接收模組，使得操作員得以在遠端操縱裝置；如此即可使得人員遠離危險，減少職業災害的發生。另外，此裝置之另一特色為：操作時不受限於操作鋼索的長度，而有因吊掛物體過長，無法掛上或卸下起重機的狀況發生，故可節省人力資源及作業時間，以提高整體的工作效率。所以，本論文主要在研究各種可行的設計方式，並以安全、易製造、省錢與營建自動化的目的為出發點，設計新的機構與電路控制系統，以便改良現有的機械式脫離裝置，發揮機電整合的優點，達到既實用又安全的目標。

The payload release device is a very critical element for tower crane maneuvering. The functional purpose of the device is to transport payloads safely and successfully to the desired location. For now, most of the existing payload release devices are operated manually and may cause inconveniences and dangers during the operations at construction sites. The purpose of the paper is to develop a remote-controlled payload release device that can reduce the operation time. Furthermore, operators can operate the device from a distance so that dangers can be avoided and occupational accidents can be prevented. In addition, without the use of mechanical cable, the proposed device can increase the efficiency and flexibility for different working conditions. This paper focuses on the study of different designs that are convenient to use, easy to manufacture, inherently safe and low cost.