伊藤仁齋、東涯父子對《太極圖說》的批判

Ito Jinsai and Ito Togai’s Critique of the Taiji Tushuo

本文透過伊藤東涯留下的《太極圖說》批判論著，觀察日本儒學史上重要儒者伊藤仁齋、東涯父子對《太極圖說》的解讀，藉此發掘更多堀川學派的思想展現之處。仁齋、東涯的主要意圖在於指出周敦頤與先秦孔、孟儒學的落差，以及朱熹之解不合周敦頤意旨處，同時對《太極圖說》提出自身解讀。堀川學派的《太極圖說》批判，有無法否認的誤解之處，但其中也不乏值得參考的地方。透過相關探討，我們除了可以更加瞭解仁齋父子的《周易》相關思想之外，也可以看到一種與朱子學不同，而立基於堀川學派公共哲學典範的《太極圖說》詮釋。

This paper explores the critiques of the Taiji Tushuo《太極圖說》, one of the most important classics of Shushigaku 朱子學 in the history of Japanese Confucianism, that were advanced by Ito Jinsai 伊藤仁齋 and Ito Togai 伊藤東涯. Jinsai and Togai were famous for their anti-Shushigaku thought. Although there are some misunderstandings present in their critiques of the Taiji Tushuo and Zhu Xi 朱熹, it is argued here that their interpretations still have value because they shed light on a different perspective regarding the Yijing and the Taiji Tushuo.