徐高阮與一九六○年代臺灣的賣國控訴

Gaoruan Xu and His Accusation on Taiwan Being Sold Out In the Era of 1960s

中央研究院歷史語言研究所副研究員徐高阮，是1960 年代臺灣賣國控訴的揭竿人。他於1965 年2 月發表〈我控訴，出版界賣國者〉，是他一連串控訴的開端。至1969 年10 月他病逝前他對中央研究院答覆立法院的反駁為止，他對《文星》、《聯合報》社、中央研究院所提出的，涉及美國哈佛大學教授費正清出賣中華民國的指控及其回響，使雜誌上的呼籲成為政府採取行動的憑藉。最後造成《文星》停業、國立臺灣大學哲學系教授殷海光去職，中央研究院院長王世杰屢提辭呈、中央研究院近代史研究所所長郭廷以赴美不歸。或以為徐高阮不過國民黨耳目，實則徐書生經世致用之理念與其他指控者頗有不同之處、對三民主義之熟習和研究亦與盲目信徒頗異其趣。本文試著由徐個人思想出發，重新檢視其控訴文章，體察他所面對的時代困境和國家危機。

Gaoruan Xu, as the Associate Research Fellow for the Institute of History and Philology (IHP) of Academia Sinica called the first shot of his accusation on Taiwan being sold out in the era of 1960s. The article “I made accusation on people who were in publishing business sold out the country” printed in February, 1965 was his first accusation, to follow suits with a series of charges. Up to the date in October of 1969 before he died of illness, he had made refutations on the reply of Academia Sinica to the Legislative Yuan, for whose accusations and feedbacks involved with Professor John K. Fairbank of American Harvard University for selling out the Republic of China, being brought up on “Wen-Hsin”, “United Daily News” Agent, and Academia Sinica, of which the appeals were the base for the government to take on actions. Eventually this was led to the shutdown of “Wen-Hsin”, the resignation of Professor Haiguang Yin from the Department of Philosophy of National Taiwan University, several attempts for resignation made by Shihchieh Wang as the President of Academia Sinica, and Tingyee Kuo as the Director of Institute of Modern History from Academia Sinica left for America without returning. Maybe people would think that Gaoruan Xu was only some kind of spies from Kuomintang (KMT), but in fact, it was quite different of his ideals as people who were educated should put to use of what they learn than those of other accusers, and of his familiarity and studies on Three Principles of the People were rather interesting and different than those of blind worshippers. In the paper, to attempt from an individual viewpoint based on Xu’s personal thoughts, to make re-examination of his accusation articles, and to understand the difficulties and national crises of the era he faced.