愛是怎麼做？情慾之愛、友愛之愛、到關係即愛的倫理主體

What Is Love? The Ethical Subject from Eros, Philia, to Relation as Love

本文聚焦幾種關於愛的論述，討論不同的愛所涉及的倫理主體，以深究愛所具有的倫理質地，並擴充倫理與倫理主體的意涵。全文共分成五部份：第一部分討論何謂「愛的倫理主體」，說明「倫理」、「倫理主體」與「愛的倫理主體」等詞語在本文中的定義。第二至第四部分探討拉岡、德希達與海德格等人如何談論愛情，處理不同的愛諸如情慾之愛、友愛之愛與愛發生的問題，並推演出關係即愛此一命題與相對應的倫理主體。最後一部分引入吳爾芙的小說《達洛威夫人》，以說明如何具體實踐關係即愛的倫理主體，並同時希冀藉以豐富小說文本的詮釋路線。

This article broaches various accounts of love and ethical subjects so as to examine the ethical texture of love and to extend the scope of ethics and ethical subject to include love relationships. The argument divides into five sections: first, I stipulate the definition of ＂ethical subject in love, and clarify the meaning of ＂ethics＂ and ＂ethical subject＂ used in the present discussion. Next, in the following three sections, I remap the discursive encounters of Jacques Lacan, Jacques Derrida, and Martin Heidegger with love, examining different types of love, such as eros-love and philia-love, the implied ethics of these loves, and the question of ＂aimance,＂ to provide evidence for my thesis on relation as love and its ethical subjectivity. In conclusion, I draw upon Virginia Woolf’s novel Mrs Dalloway to illustrate how to apply the proposition of ethical subject in relation as love and thereby enrich one's reading of the literary text.