析論八○年代葉石濤在東亞區域中的翻譯活動

An Analysis of Yeh Shih-t’ao’s translation activities at the regional of East Asia

本文採實證主義的研究方法，運用文學社會學中文化生產的概念，以葉石濤的翻譯活動為具體實例，闡述他在八○年代的台灣文化場域中，如何藉由「翻譯」展開文學生產，進行跨語越界的翻譯實踐。首先，比較葉石濤翻譯松永正義和若林正丈論文的譯文版本，探討在譯本生產的過程中，翻譯者的政治性考量、意識型態如何影響譯作的生產，藉以說明翻譯的政治性。接著，探討葉石濤如何利用殖民地的遺產「日語」這項文化資本，透過翻譯日本推理小說累積他的經濟資本，釐清他如何配合大眾文學的商業運作模式，在報紙副刊、雜誌上譯介松本清張的作品，以滿足八○年代台灣大眾文學市場的譯本需求，說明翻譯的商業性。最後，以葉石濤的譯作《地下村》為例，說明他如何從日文譯本再「重譯」戰前朝鮮的短篇小說文本，強調寫實主義的文學觀，實踐具有自主性的文化再生產活動，說明他如何藉由「翻譯」的路讓八○年代的台灣「讀者」得以從戒嚴體系的縫隙中，窺見當時東亞多元的區域文化，及其譯業在戰後台灣文學場域中的特殊意義與文本貢獻。

In this paper, mining research methods of positivism, using the concept of literary sociology of literary production, with Yeh Shih-t’ao translation activity as a specific example, to explain how he used “translation” expand literary production, transboundary cross-language translation practice. At First, to compare Matsunaga Masayoshi (松永正義) and Wakabayashi Mashahiro’s (若林正丈) article version that Yeh Shih-t’ao has been translated, the article discusses how did it affect translated production by translator political considerations and ideology. It can illustrate the political translation. Secondly, how Yeh Shih-t’ao make use of Japanese this cultural capital, to accumulate his economic capital through translated Japan mysteries. Clarify how he fit business model of popular literature, translation and introduction of Matsumoto Seicho’s (松本張清) works in the newspaper supplements, magazines, in order to meet the needs of the 1980s popular literature market of Taiwan. It can indicate the commercial translation. Finally, the Yeh Shih-t’ao’s translation work “underground village” for example, Yeh Shih-t’ao was “re-translation” North Korea’s (戰前朝鮮) short story text from the prewar Japanese translation, showing his personal emphasize realism literature view, practice the significance of local characteristics and literary production activities. It can explain how he let Taiwan “readers” of 1980s to get a glimpse of other East Asian regional multicultural, and its special significance and text translation contribution in the postwar of Taiwan literary field.