英文摘要 |
What are the criteria of nationality when Ma Hua literature is known as Chinese-language literature “with nationality” and “without nationality”? What is the intersection among the literature of Ma Hua sojourners in Taiwan, Ma Hua literature in Taiwan, and Taiwanese literature per se? These questions have been examined inconclusively. The present study proposes that conclusions might be reached if a narrow definition of literature is brought to bear, i.e. literary nationality. Literary nationality means the personalized language and regional context of a writer. It deigns to explore the inevitable influences that nationality exerts on literature—but not in political respects. Thus, translation of Ma Hua literature into Malay language marks a significant return to literary nationality. The literature of Ma Hua sojourners in Taiwan might just be considered a peripheral or exotic part of Taiwanese literature, while Ma Hua literature in Taiwan is not an integral component of Taiwanese literature due to their diachronic relationship. As for the writers who became citizens of Taiwan, their works can no longer be called examples of Ma Hua literature, lest Ma Hua literature be appropriated by Taiwanese literature. The only way to prevent Ma Hua literature from losing its direction is by emphasizing its literary nationality, versus diasporic emotion and pessimistic modernism. |