危機與宗教性：論Oevermann的宗教社會學

Crisis and Religiosity: Oevermann’s Sociology of Religion

本文旨在介紹由結構詮釋學觀點出發的宗教社會學理論。結構詮釋學認為，宗教行動的動力來自於生活實踐的危機結構，宗教行動的研究對象是危機與危機的克服。宗教性的討論不能由「教會宗教」出發，而應由存在的危機結構開始探究，常規與常規化是此種結構相應而生的衍生物。對結構詮釋學而言，宗教社會學理論論述的基礎在於建構一個宗教性的模型，而這種模型與其生活實踐的理論模型具有一致性。它並不是一個靜態的模型，而是一種結構轉化的、具有動態發展的過程的結構法則性。就其實質內容而言，它是由一種Oevermann所謂的「確證的動力」（Bewährungsdynamik）所構成的。宗教性涉及到每一個社會行動者要求其生命獲得肯認的確證的動力。

The author introduces sociology of religion theory from the perspective of objective hermeneutics, as developed by the German sociologist Ulrich Oevermann. The dynamics of religious action are derived from the crisis structure of Lebenspraxis-the dialectic of crisis and the overcoming of crisis. The theoretical sociology of religion discourse needs to be founded on a theoretical model of religiosity that is homologous with the Lebenspraxis model, which is not considered static, but a model of structural transformation. In the dialectical movement between routine and crisis, religiosity is constituted by so-called “Bewährungsdynamik”.