大腸直腸癌篩檢與健康行為相關因素研究－－以南部某區域醫院為例

Screening Results for Colorectal Cancer and Associated Health Behavior at a Regional Hospital in Southern Taiwan

大腸直腸癌的發生率及死亡率在台灣持續攀升，研究評估南台灣糞便潛血檢查於大腸直腸癌篩檢之成效。實證指出大腸直腸癌之相關危險因子與環繞因子、遺傳因子有關，本研究探討大腸直腸癌篩檢結果與健康行為之相關因素。本研究對象為2011～2012年50～69歲於區城醫院接受糞便潛血檢查民眾，研究分析糞便潛血檢查及追蹤之結果，進而探討社會人口學特徵、參與率和健康行為之相關因素。統計共9,361人完成糞便潛血檢查，篩檢陽性率佔7.2％，男性多於女性，平均年齡為60歲，其中發現47.7％腺瘤，大腸直腸癌確診率3.2％，分析其性別、年齡、運動頻率、每日是否吃蔬果及家族史等與篩檢結果達統計上顯著意義。研究結果顯示糞便潛血檢查於大腸直腸癌篩檢極具效益，大腸直腸癌篩檢結果與健康行為相關，並可有效預防癌症，政府及醫院的護理人員應深入分析民眾健康行為，促進及早接受篩檢，進而達到早期發現早期治療之癌症防治。

The incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been increasing in Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of CRC screening based on faecal occult blood testing (FOBT) in Southern Taiwan. Evidence suggests environmental and genetic risk factors in CRC. However, this study explored the relationship between health-behavior factors and CRC.Participants were aged between 50 and 69 years, and had received FOBT in a regional hospital from 2011 to 2012. We collected both the FOBT results and follow-up information. The following factors were considered in this study: socio-demographic characteristics, participation rates, and health behaviors. Selected participants numbered 9361 (the number of people who had received their final FOBT results). The overall positive test result rate was 7.2%. It was higher in men than in women, and the average age was 60 years. The positive predictive value was 47.7% for adenoma and 3.2% for confirmed diagnoses. Data on participants' sex, age, exercise frequency, daily fruit and vegetable consumption, and family history were analyzed to determine their statistical significance.FOBT is an effective CRC screening method. This research indicated that health behavior is closely related to CRC. CRC screening is a valuable cancer prevention strategy. The government and hospital nurses should conduct in-depth analyses of the public's health behavior and promote preventative screening for CRC to ensure early detection and treatment.