糖尿病病人健康促進需求評估與行動方案發展之研究

A Study of Assessing the Needs of Diabetic Patients and Formulating an Action Plan

本研究透過綜合性的評估，期能從多元角度分析糖尿病人的健康促進需求，並據以規劃健康促進行動方案。本研究以某醫院糖尿病衛教中心收案之糖尿病病人為研究母群，立意抽樣選取274名樣本進行檔案資料的分析及問卷調查。研究結果發現研究對象的血糖及尿糖自我監控方面執行率偏低，且參加病友團體的比例亦偏低；知識評量之總平均得分為12.07（滿分為15），顯示研究對象普遍有正確的糖尿病基本知識；而健康促進生活型態標準化得分為64.9，達中等程度，以標準化得分來比較，六分量表中以健康責任最低，運動保健次之。有關健康促進需求方面，研究對象半數以上有參與健康促進活動的需要及意願；希望醫院舉辦的健康促進活動排序為：飲食控制、認識糖尿病、運動注意事項及藥物治療；而舉辦健康促進活動的方式，以健康議題之講座最高。本研究建議糖尿病病人的健康促進行動方案的規劃應透過賦權過程模式與參與的理念，賦權病人自我照護的能力、賦權病人共同參與醫療照護、賦權病人健康管理及賦權病人發展健康促生活型態，以跨越目前糖尿病照護的障礙，建構新的糖尿病共同照護模式。

The purpose of this study was to develop an action plan to improve the quality of life in diabetic patients by assessing the needs of such patients. Patients participating in the study were members of the Diabetes Health Education Center at a hospital in Taiwan. Two hundreds and seventy-four patients were recruited and their need was assessed by analyzing an existing database and distributing a structured questionnaire. There were several key findings. Subjects who were unable to control their blood and urine sugar by themselves were less likely to join the Diabetes Patient’s Association. Interestingly, a majority of respondents were knowledgeable about Diabetes and its complications. Most Diabetic individuals did not lead a healthy lifestyle and needed to enhance their responsibilities towards their health and increase the frequency of exercises. During the health promotion assessment, it was observed that over half of the patients were willing to participate in health promotion activities and felt that there was a need for such an assessment. The topics of health activities that the patients would like the hospital to hold were diet control, diabetic knowledge, exercises, and medication. The method that patients like most in health activities was lectures on health issues. We would therefore conclude that patient empowerment and participation are key elements in formulating a Diabetes action plan. Patients should be empowered to keep and manage their health and develop a healthy lifestyle. A new way to improve the quality of life of Diabetes patients is suggested.