質性研究應用於醫務管理研究之省思

A Reflection on the Qualitative Research Applied in Healthcare Management

近年，質性研究的深度詮釋與辨證思維受到管理學術教育的重視，本著與管理同樣知識體系基礎的醫務管理學研究者也該有所省思，因為醫務管理有別於一般企業管理，更強調人性、權力、倫理與道德等議題，而這些攸關群體互動與行為建構過程所產生的社會現象，透過質性研究的詮釋與解析，更能得到深層的學術價值。此外，從醫務管理的教育目的來看，因應未來趨勢，如何透過質性研究的哲學觀與辨證反思的過程，培養學生的批判思考能力，亦是醫務管理學術教育界應深思的。本文主體先從量性研究應用於社會科學研究時存在的爭議來提醒從事醫務管理量性研究可能的陷阱，接著再輔以學術研究教育的目的及精神來解析醫務管理研究批判逆轉的原由，最後則闡述質性研究為何能鍛鍊研究者批判思考的能力。

In the past decade, the deep interpretation and dialectic thinking in qualitative research methods have been used not only in management education research, but also in health services and health policy research. From this perspective, healthcare service researchers should be more serious in these issues because the healthcare industry emphasizes humanity, authority, ethic, and moral more than other industries. Qualitative research offers tools to examine the social phenomenon related to group interactive and constructive behavior, and at the same time, qualitative research aims to identify the essential components of researching value. Moreover, through the perspective of healthcare education, how to train students to have the capacity of critical thinking by the qualitative philosophy and the process of dialectic reflection should be taken into account by healthcare administration educators. In this research, the authors had some suggestions for healthcare research. First, the authors introduced quantitative studies have to be the research body and to clarify researching problems; second, we analyzed the cause of critical reversion in health care academic field, and last, described why qualitative research methods play an important role in the critical thinking ability.