辦公類建築ENVLOAD簡算法之研究

RESEARCH ON THE SIMPLIFICATION OF ENVLOAD ESTIMATION FOR OFFICE BUILDINGS

台灣採用ENVLOAD作為辦公建築之節能評估指標工具已逾十年，其複雜且繁瑣的計算經常招惹非議，本文即著眼於簡化辦公類之ENVLOAD計算方式，希望可以大幅降低建築師計算及公部門審查的作業量。本文首先解析影響ENVLOAD之各項變數，並以複迴歸分析選取影響ENVLOAD 較大之變數群，分別為建築立面開口率、開口方位、遮陽、玻璃日射遮蔽率等，並探討以此4變數作為預測ENVLOAD之工具，最後得出二種簡化ENVLOAD之計算方式，以該二方式計算所得之ENVLOAD值，相對於實際ENVLOAD預之平均誤差率分別為8.23%及9.07%，預測值與實際值 之相關係數分別達0.956及0.967，應為可信賴之簡化計算方式。再者，本簡化方式對於建築立面設計抵擋日射能力較佳者，在計算ENVLOAD值將產生低估（即優待）的效應，反之亦然，日後本簡化方式倘獲建築節能法規採用，對於節能設計較優的建築物將有實質的鼓勵效果。

This paper intends to simply the ENVLOAD calculation to reduce paper works for architects and the governmental verification institutions. The paper uses multi-regression analyze through every possible variations that have great influence on ENVLOAD to sieve out variations which are wall-to-window ratio, direction of the openings, sun-blocking plates and the shading coefficient of glass. The above 4 major variations are employed to predict ENVLOAD in a simplified way. The simplified prediction models are in two formations, the average prediction errors are 8.23% and 9.07%. Furthermore, the simplified model underestimates the ENVLOAD values of the buildings which have better solar radiation blocking design in facades; while on the contrary it is overestimated. If this simplified method is adopted by the Building Envelope Energy Conservation Regulations, it is courageous to those have better energy conservation designs.