臺灣TMY2標準氣象年之研究與應用

THE RESEARCH AND APPLICATION OF TYPICAL METEOROLOGICAL YEARS OF TAIWAN

本研究之目的在於建立台灣地區DOE-2建築能源解析用之「標準氣象年」資料庫。它是由中央氣象局最近十年內之長期逐時氣象資料中，經由熱負荷與氣象變動理論所製作出來的一年8760小時的逐時數據，是大型動態能源解析程式所必須配合輸入的氣象資料。所建立之標準氣象資料(TMY2)能夠直接提供DOE2作為模擬建築熱負荷使用。為使建築模擬解析用的氣象資料能夠反應長期氣候變動的特性，本研究採用美國再生能源實驗室(NREL)於1995年所公布的Sandia Method，配合台灣台北、台中、高雄三地十年間(1993-2002)之本土氣象數據，依此製作符合TMY2格式之標準氣象年。三地同時一併進行中選月份之篩選，可改進以往單獨篩選時所造成北、中、南區氣象上之矛盾。新建立之標準氣象年精確反映出二十年來台灣氣候呈現外氣溫稍微變高、雲量稍微增多、日射量略減的現象，以此作為台灣建築耗能解析之標準，當能更精確地掌握實際耗能情形，同時可將建築動態耗能解析領域之研究與國際上接軌。

The research intends to establish the typical meteorological year for Taiwan. The typical meteorological year consists of 8760 hourly weather data which is sieved out from the last ten years hourly weather data (year 1993-2002) which were genuinely recorded by Central Weather Bureau and can be directly utilized for DOE-2 to carry out building energy simulation. The research adopt Sandia Method, which is suggested by NREL,USA at 1995, accompany with local weather data from Taipei, Taichung and Kaohsiung which in turn represent for northern, central and southern Taiwan to develop typical meteorological years in TMY2 format. The selection of the candidate months of the three cities is carried out simultaneously in selection procedure to prevent meteorological extraordinary phenomenon.The established typical meteorological year can precisely reflect the varation of the last twenty years’weather in Taiwan. Comparing with the weather thirty years ago, the new established TMY shows that it is warmer, more cloudy and has less global solar radiation then before. The research not only updates the weather data but also keeps the field of building energy simulation research up with the international.