男性居家托育照顧者　聯合托育中的認同與性別分工

Men as Professional Babysitters: Identity and the Gender Division of Labor in Cooperative Child Care Work

育兒一直被視為女性的職責，但近年來開始有男性從事居家托育工作。男性加入一個和傳統育兒、家務非常接近的工作領域，能否為性別關係帶來轉變？對於持續增加的男性居家托育工作者，目前我們所知不多。本研究試圖以他們為對象，進行初步研究，探討究竟是「哪些」男性從事居家托育工作？並且從托育和家務分工來討論，他們加入傳統女性工作行列後，家庭內的性別分工是否產生改變？研究發現：一、受訪的男居家托育工作者年紀偏高（九成年齡超過0歲）。他們是在已擔任保母的配偶期望下考取證照，從事聯合托育。半數受訪者有收托直系親屬幼兒（孫子女），領取津貼。二、男性透過取得專業知識、轉移工作技能和區隔家務勞動等三種方式接受並認同保母職業。三、觀念上，他們不再認為男性不能勝任保母工作，但在夫妻聯合托育中僅擔任輔助角色，主要照顧者還是女性。四、男性在家托育雖然讓夫妻重新劃分托育工作和家務勞動的界線，但家務仍由女性承擔。

Child care in Taiwan used to be considered a woman's responsibility, but recently there are men who have joined the ranks of professional babysitters in the home. Do gender relations change when men start to work in an area that is very similar to traditional household and child care? Information concerning male home babysitters is very limited at this moment. This study aims to explore who the male babysitters are and to analyze if and in what ways the gender division of labor changes when males start to work in homes as babysitters. The qualitative analysis of the interviews with 10 male babysitters and their spouses reveals that 0% of male babysitters are over 0 years old, and they join in this work on behalf of their spouses and work with their spouses together as babysitters. Although they think that men can also take care of children, they stay in the assisting role in the child care work. Men working as babysitters leads to new borders being drawn between child care and household labor, but household labor remains primarily their wives' responsibility.