高齡者參與槌球運動行為模式之探討：計畫行為理論之應用

An Investigation of Senior Citizens' Gateball Participation: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

本研究以計畫行為理論做為核心，結合科技接受模式，並彙整相關文獻提出之具影響力的外生因素，以425位臺灣槌球運動高齡參與者為樣本，探討高齡者參與槌球行為之模式。研究結果顯示：計畫行為理論的核心因素以行為態度、知覺行為控制對高齡者實際參與槌球行為具有顯著影響；主觀規範必需經由行為態度的中介作用，才能對實際參與槌球運動產生顯著影響。外生變數以知覺用性對行為態度具有顯著影響；親朋影響、依從醫護對主觀規範具有顯著影響；自我效能、資源促進條件對知覺行為控制具有顯著影響。各外生變數中又以有用性影響最為顯著。而知覺易學性必需經由知覺有用性的中介作用，才能對行為態度產生顯著影響。

This study sought to apply the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to explain senior citizens' participation in playing gateball. Combined with the technology acceptance model (TAM), the newly developed TPB model incorporates critical constructs (i.e., perceived usefulness, perceived ease of learning) into the original TPB. Four hundred and twenty-five Taiwanese senior citizens who are gateball players were asked to respond to the questionnaire, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. The results revealed the following: (1) attitude and perceived behavioral control have positive and significant effects on gateball playing behavior; (2) perceived usefulness has a positive and significant effect on attitude; (3) family/friend influences and medical/health advice have positive and significant effects on subjective norms; (4) self-efficacy and resource facilitating conditions have positive and significant effects on perceived behavioral control; (5) perceived usefulness moderates the relationship between attitude and perceived ease of learning. Managerial implications are discussed and suggestions are offered.