血液透析病患因應行為與因應結果之探討

Coping Behaviors and Outcomes in Hemodialysis Patients

研究目的在瞭解血液透析病人因應行為與因應結果之相關，及影響因應結果之重要因素。採橫斷研究，自擬結構式問卷收集台灣中部三所地區醫院接受血液透析三個月以上之206位個案，內容涵蓋：基本資料、因應行為量表及因應結果。所得資料以SPSS 10.0分析，結果顯示：(1)「問題取向因應」與「因應結果」呈正相關。(2)「情感取向因應」與「因應結果」呈負相關。(3)複迴歸分析(multiple regression)發現：未婚或已婚、日常活動獨立、接受透析時間較長及問題取向因應得分高者，「自覺健康狀態」得分高，可解釋42.7%變異量。高中學歷、未婚或已婚及問題取向因應得分高者，「自覺生活品質」得分高，可解釋26.2%變異量。研究結果可提供護理人員預測血液透析病人適應情形，以提供介入措施。

The purposes of this study were to explore the relationship between coping behaviors and outcomes of patients who were treated with hemodialysis, and to determine the predictors of such outcomes. A cross-section survey was conducted. The structural questionnaire, containing basic personal data, coping behavior scale and outcomes of coping, was used. There were 206 subjects who had been treated with hemodialysis for at least three months format three hemodialysis centers of regional hospitals in the middle of Taiwan. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 10.0. The findings were as follows: (1) Problem-oriented coping behaviors had a positive relationship to coping outcomes. (2) Emotional-oriented coping behaviors had a negative relationship to coping outcomes. (3) Multiple regression analysis showed that the predictors regarding perception of health status were as follows: single or married, length of hemodialysis treatment and higher problem-oriented coping behavior scores, which explained 42.7% of variances. Patients who had high school educational background, single or married and higher problem-oriented coping behavior scores showed a better perception of quality of life. These variables explained 26.2% variances of quality of life. The findings of this research can facilitate nurse practitioners to predict the adaptation of hemodialysis patients and to help patients to better utilize coping behaviors.