遷都與繼統：商王盤庚的政治改革

The Moving of Capital & the Succession Rule of Throne: The Political Reform of King Pangeng(盤庚)

商王朝自仲丁以後，由於繼統制度遭受破壞，造成長達九個王在位期間的紛爭。在此期間，繼統制度的破壞之餘，往往伴隨著都城的遷移。藉由破壞繼統制度而登上王位者，為了消除反抗的勢力，而將都城遷往他處。盤庚即位後，除先將都城遷至殷外，並加以改革繼統制度，終於免除了王位爭奪的情形，而商王朝自此之復，亦不再遷都。商王朝即在此政治安定的基礎上，開創後期輝煌的文明。

Due to the mistakes of the throne succession rule, that caused the Shang Dynasty's dispute for a long time in nine kings. In this period, the Kings who scrambled for the kingship by destructing the throne succession rule, always moved the capital for taking away the resisting power. After the King Pangeng (盤庚) succeeded the king, he firstly moved the capital to Yin(殷) and then reformed the rule of succession. Thereafter, the Sang Dynasty stopped the struggle for the kingship and never moved the capital again. Because of its table politics, Song Dynasty developed a splendid civilization in later period.