國小統計課程之內函與教學理念

Connotation and Teaching Rationale for Statistical Curriculum in Elementary School

統計的主體為資料，統計的目的則在解決生活上的問題，因此統計的教學應強調資料與問題之間的聯繫以及對統計結果的影響。統計內涵除了包括以數學為基礎之統計基本概念和方法外，更重要的是必須包含統計思維(statistical thinking)－－統計過程的建構。本文將提出統計過程教學概念圖，作為國小教師統計教學的參考。

Data is the main object in statistics. The purpose of using statistics is for solving problems happened in life. Therefore, statistical teaching should focus on the relationship between data and problems, and furthermore consider the effects on the results presented. The connotation of statistics includes statistical concepts and methods based on mathematics, and, the most important one, statistical thinking-statistical process constructing. In this paper we will propose a statistical process teaching concept map for reference as teachers teaching statistics in elementary school. Except explicating statistical teaching rationale through the thinking of statistical process, we also interpret some confused technical terms and concepts in the statistical competence indicators in the grade 1-9 curriculum, such as reading data, interpreting data, and ordinal data etc.. How the statistical curriculum can be used effectively is under the influence of teachers' knowledge of teaching statistics. Here, we will explain the role of statistical process acting in the knowledge of teaching statistics according to the Conference Board of Mathematical Sciences suggestions in 2001. Finally, we will state the difficulties and blind spots of implementing statistical curriculum and teaching in Taiwan, and expect education researcher, curriculum editors and teachers make this as an important issue.