未竟的蛻變：災後女性角色的開展與困頓

Incomplete Transform: The Development and Predicament of the Role of Women in Post-Disaster Settings

災難研究在社會學界是門新興發展中的領域，性別更是尚待補充的研究議題，過往「性別」僅作為災難研究調查裡的變項，卻欠缺差異背後的解釋。性別與災難研究最富挑戰性之處即在於關注災難發生後兩性間的性別分工與權力關係變化，是否更強化既有社會的性別不平等關係？本論文將回顧災難社會學的發展，包括災難的定義以及災難研究的議題，並將性別觀點帶入災難社會學的研究；最後，筆者進一步以臺灣九二一地震災後成立石岡媽媽劇團團員們的女性生命經驗為例，作為對災難性別議題的回應與分析。

Disaster research is an emerging field of study in sociology, with gender being one of the related research issues yet to be investigated. In the existing studies, ”gender” is mostly recognized as one variable of different statistics to predict or assume change in disaster research. With gender difference has been identified in range of studies, the configuration that render such difference has yet to be explored. In what direction would the division of labor between gender and power relations alter along the changes of family structures and even the status of women followed by disasters? Would disasters reinforce the existing gender inequality? These issues would be challenging and worthy of being observed in gender and disaster studies.In this article, the author first attempts to identify lacking aspects of gender issues by reviewing the development of disaster sociology, including the definitions of disaster and related issues. In addition, the author seeks to venture out gender perspectives by analyzing life experiences of members of Shigang Mama Theater Troupe, a mutual help and development group established after the 921 Earthquake in Taiwan, in response to the inadequacy of current disaster studies.