後京都時代的挑戰與機會──自德班會議後的發展看台灣應有的因應方向

The Challenges and Opportunities in the Post-Kyoto Climate Regime ─What Taiwan can do after Durban Platform

聯合國氣候變遷綱要公約（UN Framework Convention on Climate Change；簡稱UNFCCC）的談判，已逐年隨經濟成長需求與環境永續之拉鋸幾度陷入僵局，最後終於在2011 年底通過的德班平台(Durban Platform)中，確定了延展京都議定書、融合減緩與調適兩大主軸於長期合作協議的基調，並於2012 年底的杜哈氣候門徑(Doha Climate Gateway)決議文中，完整回應峇里行動計畫(Bali Action Plan)之訴求，再次強調開發中國家在推動減緩與調適工作上的技術及資金需求。台灣向來強調技術研發，本文認為在德班會議後，應積極地掌握開發中國家因推動「國家適當減緩計畫（National Appropriate Mitigation Actions；簡稱NAMAs）」，所面臨對於技術與資金之龐大需求；其中除得以藉此將我國綠色科技帶入國際市場以外，另方面並可藉由與開發中國家之協力來申請綠色氣候基金，間接爭取國際資金之挹注，其效益除可呈現在促進我國實質參與國際活動之空間上，更有助於造就我國綠能產業、綠色就業之空間。

Past few years, the negotiation of UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) presented the deadlock between the economic growth and the environment protection year by year. Finally, in the Durban Conference in 2011, the decisions determined the Kyoto Protocol extension and the keynote of long-term cooperation agreement of combination with two main issues: mitigation and adaptation. Moreover, Doha Conference in 2012, which established the decisions named Doha Gateway, totally responded the Bali Action Plan, and emphasized again the need in technologies and finance while developing countries promote mitigation and adaptation actions. Taiwan always takes effort in technology research and development. This article regards that after the Durban Conference, we should actively realize and understand the technologies and finance need in developing countries arising from promoting National Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs), and subsequently take advantage of it. After that, we can not only promote domestic green-tech to international market but also apply for the Green Climate Fund through the cooperation with developing countries to acquire international finance indirectly. Besides attending international activities in a more material way, it also benefits domestic green-tech industry and provides green-tech employments.