芻議侵權責任承擔方式－－個法經濟學的視角

On the Remedial Methods in Tort Law-- From the Perspective of the Study of Law and Economics

本文引入了產權規則與責任規則這一法經濟學上對權利救濟最重要的區分理論，從多個維度對適用不同責任承擔方式的可能後果進行了比較分析。在此基礎上，指出適用《侵權責任法》第15條可能產生的問題，進而提出對該條可以通過司法解釋的方式，提供一些引導性因素來對法官過大的自由裁量權予以限制，並對其具體適用行為加以指引，從而減少適用錯誤以及適用不一致情況的發生。

This article introduces the distinction made between property rules and liability rules concerning the protection of legal entitlements and compares the possible consequences from different perspectives when applying different remedies. Based on that analysis, the provision in the new Tort Law regarding legal remedies is criticized for its granting too much discretion to judges on this issue which might lead to two potential problems: wrongly-granted remedies and granting remedies in an inconsistent manner. It has been suggested in this article that those problems should be corrected by judicial interpretations in providing some guiding factors judges have to take into account when making decisions on legal remedies.