長期照護機構照顧服務員職業疲潰及其相關因素之探討

The Relative Factors of Career Burnout of Nurse Aides in Long-Term Care Facilities

本文研究目的在探討長期照機構中照顧服務員職業疲潰情況及其相關影響因素，針對屏東地區長期照護機構照顧服務員為研究對象，並於2011年5月至12月期間共收取有效樣本219人，平均年齡為43.27歲，男性有37位及女性有182位。研究結果顯示：長期照護機構照顧服務員職業疲潰感受屬於中重度。在迴歸分析中分別建構「情緒耗竭」模式、「去人性他」模式與「個人成就」模式，獲選解釋變項涵蓋有年資、照服員技術士證照情況、良好工作夥伴數、任職機構型態與自覺健康狀況等因素，可預測的總變異星為分別為23.82%、27.31%與32.65%，表示這些因素為影響長照機構照顧服務員職業疲潰之重要預測因子，若能針對擁有這些相關因素之族群提供職業輔導或輔助應能減緩其職業疲潰，進而促進其照護品質與服務效率。期望透過研究結果協助照顧服務員相關人力資源管理之參考，提供長期照護機構管理者及其政府相關單位擬定相關政策及措施，做為降低照顧服務員職業疲潰感受之經營管理參考佐證，進而促進長期照護機構照護品質。

To study the relative factors of career burnout of nurse aides, the valid samples of this research were 219 nurse aides (37 males and 182 females) in long-term care facilities in Pingtung area. They were recruited to answer the questionnaires from May to December, 2011, and their average age was 43.27 years old. The results showed that the range of the total scores from nurse aides in Maslach Burnout Inventory was moderate. Moreover, according to the regression analysis, the five factors (Seniority, Level C technician for caring service, Numbers of friends in long-term care facilities, Types of long-term care facilities and Self-perceived Health Status) were separately considered into the three models (Emotional-exhaustion model, Depersonalization model and Reduced-personal-accomplishment model) and their total variance explained reached 23.82%, 27.31%, and 32.65%. Therefore, those factors could be the potential important factors for career burnout of nurse aides in long-term care facilities. Besides, if we could provide the relative assistance and counseling in career for these nurse aides, then their quality or efficiency of caring service may be promoted. Finally, we hope this study can be used to the relative references or frame appropriate precautions for the career in long-term care. Besides, it can help to build up the relative health social welfare in career burnout of nurse aides, and to promote their quality of caring service in long-term care institutions in the future.