健康意識、生活型態以及飲食行為的認知與影響因素之研究－－以中部某海線地區民眾為例

The Level of Understanding towards Health Awareness, Lifestyle and Dietary Behavior and the Impact Factors Thereof - A Case Study of a Seashore Town in Central Taiwan

目的：近兩年國內食安問題屢現危機，益發引起社會大眾對於日常生活飲食行為與健康意識的關注與重視。健康的維持雖然一直為現代人所關注，但似乎不一定能在日常生活中身體力行。此一現象引發本研究探討中部某地區民眾健康意識、生活型態與飲食行為之間的相關情形與影響因素。方法：本研究以活動於中部某地區民眾為對象，採問卷調查法及便利取樣抽樣方式進行資料蒐集；共發放1,000份問卷，有效問卷回收率為97.9%。蒐集完成之資料利用SPSS統計套裝軟體，進行描述性統計、推論性統計、直線複迴歸等統計分析，以了解研究對象的認知情形。結果：受訪民眾之健康意識、生活型態及健康飲食行為的認知，均會因為「年齡」、「職業」、「婚姻」及「每月可支配所得」的不同而有顯著差異；但「家庭結構」的差異則完全不會影響受訪者對各構面的認知。結論：18歲以下民眾在各構面的平均得分均為最低，此年齡層多數為在學學生，建議教育主管機關及學校應增加健體相關課程、講座、文宣及舉辦動態活動等，提升青年學子對健康意識、生活作息及飲食行為的關注。受訪民眾在飲食行為構面的平均得分偏低，顯示受訪民眾的日常飲食行為與國健署「少糖、少鹽、少油」的飲食建議多有不符。建議國健署在協助國民改善飲食行為方面，能有更為積極、有效的作為。

Objective: There have been many food safety scandals in Taiwan in the past two years, leading to the public's increased concern and attention towards daily dietary behavior and health awareness. Maintaining health has long been a concern for people in modern society, but it is not necessarily practiced in daily life. This phenomenon led to this study to investigate the status of the public's health awareness, lifestyle and dietary behavior and the impact factors thereof in a region in central Taiwan. Method: The subjects of this study were people from a region in central Taiwan. Questionnaire and convenience sampling were adopted in this study. A total of 1,000 copies of questionnaires were released and the effective response rate was 97.9%. Statistical analysis such as descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and linear regression were conducted on the data using SPSS statistics software package to determine the understanding of the subjects. Results: The subjects' health awareness, lifestyle and healthy dietary behavior vary significantly due to 〞age〞, 〞occupation〞, 〞marriage〞 and 〞monthly disposable income〞. However, the difference in 〞family structure〞 did not at all affect the subjects' understanding in all categories. Conclusion: People under 18 years old have the lowest average score in each category. Since most people in this group are students, we recommend that the educational regulatory authorities and schools should increase the number of courses, lectures, literature and activities related to health and fitness, to enhance students' attention towards health awareness, lifestyle and dietary behavior. The average score among all subjects in the dietary behavior category was low, indicating that most of the daily dietary behaviors of the subjects were not in line with the 〞less sugar, less salt and less oil〞 dietary guideline recommended by the Health Promotion Administration. We suggest that the Health Promotion Administration should come up with more active and effective ways to help the people of Taiwan in improving their dietary behavior.