論“身份混同”背景下中國BITs中國民待遇條款的完善

Analysis on the Improvement of National Treatment in China’s BIT under the Dual Identity of Capital-Importing and Capital-Exporting Country

當前我國已締結了130個雙邊投資協定(BITs)，其中有49個規定了國民待遇條款。儘管各個BITs中有關國民待遇的內涵、例外規定等具體措辭並不一致，但總體趨勢還是朝著促進投資自由化的方向發展。現階段衡量投資自由化的一個重要標準在於是否給予外資准入前的國民待遇，中國就這一問題，始終持保留態度。鑒於中國目前在國際投資法領域的雙重身份，應秉持冷靜謹慎的態度對待准入前國民待遇，並及時對已有BIT中的國民待遇條款加以改進和完善才能在對外締約談判中掌握主動權。

Till now, China has signed 130 Bilateral Investment Agreements with other countries, which only 49 BITs including National Treatment Clause. Although each BIT has different wordings on national treatment connotations, and exceptions, it has still developed toward promoting investment liberalization on the whole. One of the key principles to classify the level of investment liberalization is whether or not the national treatment could be able to expand to the investment pre-establishment stage. However, China has still held the retention manner towards it. Due to the “dual role” as both capital-importing and capital-exporting country, China should hold calm and cautious manner toward the pre-establishment national treatment, improving and refining the national treatment clause, so as to gain the initiative in the future investment agreement negotiations.