原住民學校教學卓越團隊教師專業增能之重要因素探討－－以得勒樂卡潛能開發團隊為例

A Study of the Important Factors of Professional Empowerment of Teachers in Excellent Teaching Teams in Aboriginal Schools-A Case Study of the Teldreka Potential Development Team

隨著環境的改變，教授制度也有所不同。但不論教育政策如何改變，唯其不變的是師生的教學成效永遠扮演著火車頭推動的角色。在高雄市偏鄉魯凱族茂林國中所屬「得勒樂卡潛能開發團隊」，不僅2008年榮獲教育部教學卓越金質獎，更屢創佳績，打破過往外界對台灣原住民學校及教師教學所存在的刻版印象。愛此，本文以該團隊為例，透過深度訪談法等，探討原住民學校教學卓越團隊教師專業增能的重要因素。研究發現影響教師專業增能之重要因素為一、具備優質領導及卓越教師：如校長、主任的領導方式、支持協助與教師本身的使命感、團隊尊重、溝通及領域專業；二、原住民學校文化特色之發展：如將原住民文化與在地生活結合，科展實驗就地取材生活化，傳統技藝人文藝術化；三、激勵與教學變革：如教學團隊成效激勵、社區家長的認同配合、教學傳薪創新等。教師專業增能效益的發揮，係教師的「能力」、「機會」與「願力」的結合，而教學卓越團隊之專業則有賴校長、教師與學生的用心參與，共同營造教育願景與教學效益。

As the environment changes, so does the teaching systems. No matter how the education policy changes, the teaching effects always play the leading role. An aboriginal junior high school in the remote area in Kaohsiung, the ＂Teldreka Potential Development Team,＂ won the Excellent Teacher Award from the MOE in 2008. Their winning changed the stereotype on aboriginal schools and teachers. The process and implications of their success are worth investigating. In this article, ＂Teldreka Potential Development Team was used as an example to explore the important factors of professional empowerment of teachers in excellent teaching teams in aboriginal schools through in-depth interview. The results indicate that three important factors influence professional empowerment of teachers. First, principals with supreme leadership and excellent teachers are required. The leadership styles of the principals or the section directors, the support from the principals, teachers' sense of calling, team respect, communication, and professional expertise are all important. Second, aboriginal schools need to emphasize the development of aboriginal culture. For instance, aboriginal culture and local lives can be combined. The works for science exhibitions should be life-related. Traditional skills need to be more artistic. Third, inspiration and teaching transforms are the important factors as well. For example, the effects of the teaching teams should be encouraged. The sense of identity and cooperation from the community and parents are necessary. Teaching inheriting and innovation are vital. In conclusion, the effectiveness of teachers' professional empowerment is the combination of ＂ability,＂ ＂opportunity,＂ and ＂will.＂ The professional expertise of the excellent teaching teams depends on the whole-hearted participation of the principal, the teachers, and the students so that vision of education and teaching effectiveness can be created.