清代至近代《說文》學之轉向：論朱駿聲《說文通訓定聲》學術地位之變化

Zhu Jun Sheng, ＂Shuowen Tongxun Dingsheng＂ of evaluation and impact

本文嘗試分析從清代到近代，朱駿聲《說文通訓定聲》學術地位變化之脈絡，朱書學術地位之變化，反映出清代《說文》學之轉向。在清代之時，朱氏《說文通訓定聲》的名氣及評價，遠不及段玉裁、桂馥、王筠三家。究其因，在朱書改變《說文》體例，並重新定義許慎轉注、假借之說。朱駿聲《說文通訓定聲》學術地位提升之原因，筆者以為，或與民初當時大量甲骨文字出土有關，又自丁福保編成《說文解字詁林》，列《說文通訓定聲》為「《說文》四大家」，是書始為學者所重視，後經近代學者王力等人之推崇，影響後輩學者研究朱書。再者，《說文通訓定聲》所以產生與清代截然不同之評價，正因朱書性質與一般傳統《說文》著作不同，反映出創新的研究價值，故其書受到近現代學者的高度重視。

This paper attempts to analysis from the Qing Dynasty to modern times, ＂Shuowen Tongxun Dingsheng＂ changes in the context of academic status. Zhu Jun Sheng, ＂Shuowen Tongxun Dingsheng＂ in the Qing Dynasty scholar's assessment is not prominent, compiled from Ting Fu-pao, ＂Shuo Wen Jie Zi Lin Gu＂, after, ＂Shuowen Tongxun Dingsheng＂ for scholars to start paying attention, and thus lay the academic status. After Wang's respected by modern scholars, but also affect younger scholars Zhu books, this phenomenon is particularly evident in the mainland. Furthermore, ＂Shuowen Tongxun Dingsheng＂ so very different generation and evaluation of the Qing Dynasty, Zhu books because of the nature and conventional, ＂Shuowen＂ works different, reflecting the innovation and research value, so the book by the height of modern scholars attention, can be seen, ＂Shuowen Tongxun Dingsheng＂ by Qing scholars criticize, but to be as modern, Four Big Sects of Shuowen and certainly, also has a long history.