論海上警察機關之武力使用

Use of Force by Maritime Law Enforcement Authority

近年來，台灣馬英九總統為強化海上警察力量，以因應與周邊國家不斷擴增之海上警察實力與趨勢，從而於2008年6月12日總統府發表聲明及於6月19日行政院院會決議，制定「強化海巡編裝發展方案」。該方案最具體的成果，即是於2013年03月30日成軍之「新北艦」。從這樣的武器能量水準以觀，事實上該艦已有資格稱得上是海軍之護衛艦。在這樣的海巡能量發展趨勢下，海巡之武器使用與海軍之武器使用，如何區隔其間之界線，不但於內控與涉外事件上，有其執法程序機制設計之重要性，於作為國際成員之一份子與人權保障之立場而言，如何使我們海巡武器使用同時符合國際法與內國法秩序，更是值得我們去深思與研究者。為此，本論文從海上警察權之視角、國際法規範與實踐及內國法秩序，嘗試對海上警察機關之武力使用，其法性格、範圍與界限，提出看法。

In recent years, in order to strengthen the effectiveness of the maritime law enforcement, and to respond the increasing maritime power of neighboring countries, Taiwan's President Ma, Ying-jeou declared within its power to enforce a ＂developmental plan for strengthening the maritime equipment＂ on June 2008 and passed by Executive Yuan on a week later in which the most important development is the establishment of the new warship－Hsin-bei Vessel, the most powerful naval vessel since 2000 used for rescue mission. In fact, this new vessel is qualified to be the corvette for Taiwan’s naval force. Through these recent developments, the importance of setting up a new standards of procedure to check and balance of coast guards’ right has become an eminent issue. As a part of the international community and seen from the perspective of human right protection, how to lawfully use of naval forces in accordance with domestic and international law deserve our research efforts. Thus, this article will analyze the legality, nature and scope of use of force by coast guard personnel under current domestic and international law.