臺北市國中生自尊、身體意象與運動行為相關性研究

A study of the relationships among self-esteem, body image and exercise behavior of junior high school students in Taipei City

本研究目的在了解台北市國中生自尊、身體意象與運動行為現況，以及其間的關 係。研究母群為九十三學年度就讀台北市公立國中七、八年級學生，採多階段分層隨機抽樣，抽出六行政區12所學校，48班學生，採結構式問卷為工具收集資料，有效樣本1,343名，回收率為99.41％。所得資料以t檢定、卡方檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關等方法進行分析。本研究重要結果如下：一、研究對象的整體自尊、身體自尊與社會自尊皆屬中間偏正向；男生身體自尊高於女生；而女生社會自尊高於男生。七年級的身體自尊高於八年級。BMI過輕者的整體自尊、身體自尊和社會自尊均高於正常者及過重者。二、研究對象的身體意象呈現中間偏正向，男生外表適應低於女生，其餘六因素均顯著高於女生。三、研究對象中44.5％從事規律運動，且男生高於女生，七年級高於八年級。四、除了女生之外表適應與整體自尊、身體自尊無關外，男、女的整體自尊、身體自尊、社會自尊與身體意象均呈正相關。五、不論男、女，規律運動者的整體自尊、身體自尊與社會自尊皆高於無規律運動者。經常與他人一起運動的男生，其身體自尊和社會自尊高於獨自運動者。經常與他人一起運動的女生之身體自尊高於獨自運動者。六、有規律運動者的身體意象較無規律運動者高；經常與他人一起運動的男生除了健康評價，其餘身體意象六因素均高於獨自運動者。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of self-esteem, body image and exercise of junior high school students in Taipei and examine their relationships. By using stages stratified random sampling, seventh and eighth grade students were selected from 12 schools in 6 Taipei districts. Totally 48 classes, 1,343 of valid samples provided data with a self-administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed with Independent-samples t test, chi-square test, One-way ANOVA and Pearson product-moment correlation. Overall, the results indicated that: 1. The scores of global, physical and social self-esteem are middle tended to positive among respondents. Male's physical self-esteem is higher than female's; while female's social self-esteem is higher than male's. The physical self-esteem of the seventh graders is higher than those of the eighth graders. Global, physical and social self-esteem of those with lighter BMI is higher than those with normal or heavier BMI. 2. The level of body image is middle tended to positive among respondents. The appearance Orientation scales of males are lower than females, but other factors are higher. 3. Regular exercise rate of subjects is 44.5%. The regular exercise rate of males is higher than females, and the rate of seventh graders is higher than eighth graders. 4. There are positive correlations among global, physical, social self-esteem and body image both in males and females. 5. The global, physical and social self-esteem of the subjects who do exercise regularly are higher than those who don't. The global, physical and social self-esteem of the subjects who often do exercise with others are higher than the ones who do exercise alone. 6. Body image of the subjects with regular exercise is higher than the ones with no regular exercise. Furthermore, body image of subjects who often do exercise with others is higher than the ones who don't do exercise or do it alone.