高中職學生身體意象與減重意圖之研究

Body image and weight reduction intention of students in the senior high and vocational schools

本研究旨在探討高中職學生身體意象與減重意圖之現況及其相關因素，研究對象為桃園縣兩所高中一所高職之全體在校學生，以分層集束抽樣法進行抽樣，共發出問卷1,080份，有效問卷1,007份，有效回收率為93.2％。以結構式問卷收集資料，所得資料以獨立樣本t-檢定、皮爾森積差相關、單因子變異數分析、逐步迴歸等統計方法進行分析。重要結果如下：（一）男生對外表評價、身體各部位滿意度高於女生，女生對外表的重視與減重意圖高於男生（二）就讀男女合班之女生，身體各部位滿意度高於純女生班；就讀純男生班之減重意圖高於男女合班之男生（三）實際體型與自覺體重分類為過輕與適中者，對外表評價與身體各部位滿意度均高於肥胖者（四）受電視媒體影響愈深，對外表愈重視，減重意圖愈高（五）受社會支持影響愈深，會愈重視外表，但對外表評價愈差、身體各部位滿意度愈差、減重意圖也愈高（六）未來六週內有減重意圖者佔35％。實際體型與 自覺體重分類為適中、過重、肥胖者，高於過輕者，過重與肥胖者均高於適中者（七）對外表評價愈差、身體各部位滿意度愈差、對外表愈在意者，減重意圖愈高。

Male subjects felt higher satisfaction with appearance evaluation and body area satisfaction than females. Female subjects were more concerned about appearance orientation and weight reduction intention than males. Females in the co-educational class felt higher satisfied with body area satisfaction than single gender class. Males in single gender class had significantly higher weight reduction intention than co-educational class. The subjects' real and self-perceived underweight and normal weight were more satisfied with appearance evaluation and body area satisfaction than the obese. The greater the influence of media was the greater the appearance orientation and weight reduction intention became. The greater the social support was the greater the appearance orientation and body weight reduction intention was; the lower the appearance evaluation and body area satisfaction were. Thirty-five percentages of students had the weight reduction intention in the coming six weeks. The subjects' real and self-perceived weight of normal, overweight, obesity types more enthusiastic than those who were underweight; overweight and obese subjects were higher than normal subjects; subjects of self-perceived weight, normal, overweight, obesity, were more enthusiastic than underweight subjects. The lower the appearance evaluation and body area satisfaction; the greater the appearance orientation, the greater the weight reduction intention was.