社會網絡和原、漢青少年飲酒行為

Social network and adolescent drinking behavior between aborigines and hans

本研究對台東縣關山地區的學生做追蹤調查，從國小六年級追到國中一年級，針對此貫時性的資料做路徑分析，以釐清因果模型中飲酒行為的因果關係。主要發現如下：一、影響青少年飲酒行為的因果機制－－影響國一學生飲酒行為的因果機制是：屬社會學習論的同儕、父母親戚的飲酒行為愈多，屬理性行為論的飲酒正評價愈高，以及同屬社會學習論及理性行為論的重要他人同意飲酒愈高，則青少年的飲酒行為則愈多。整體解釋力(R2)為34％。至於影響本人飲酒態度（評價）的因素是：同儕飲酒行為愈多則正評價愈高、負評價愈低；重要他人愈同意飲酒則正評價愈高；文化休閒活動愈多則正評價愈低。其中，文化休閒活動愈多則正評價愈低，進而減少飲酒行為的影響路徑的發現，為飲酒防治工作提供了一個可行的方法。二、造成原、漢青少年飲酒行為差異的因素－－在控制了其他背景及中介變項以後，原住民學生飲酒行為比漢族學生多的現象完全消失了，原住民學生飲酒行為多可歸因於父母親戚飲酒行為較漢人多、重要他人較同意飲酒以及文化休閒活動較少，使其飲酒行為比漢族學生多。

The sample of this follow up study were the elementary school grade 6 students, one year later, they were the secondary school grade 1 students. The sample size was 392. According to the longitudinal data, A path analysis was used to analysis the causal relation of drinking behavior. The major findings are summarized as fallow: 1. The causal mechanism affecting Adolescent drinking behavior. The more the peer, parental drinking behavior, the more positive alcohol attitude, and the more agreement of reference group the more Adolescent drinking behavior. The total R2 of this casual mechanism about drinking behavior is 34%. About the factors affecting alcohol attitude are: the more peer drinking behavior the more positive alcohol evaluation, the less negative alcohol evaluation; the more culture leisure activities the less positive alcohol evaluation. This finding apply a method to preventing Adolescent drinking behavior. 2. The factors causing differences between Aborigines' and Hans' drinking behavior The reasons of the Aborigines' drinking behavior more than Hans' are: The Aborigines' parental drinking behavior are significant more than Hans'; The Aborigines' culture leisure activities are significant less than Hans'; The Aborigines' agreements of drinking of reference group are significant more than Hans'.