都市國小學童身體活動及其影響因素之研究

Determinants of physical activity in urban primary school children

本研究以都市國小學童為對象，除瞭解兒童之健康體能情形外，並探討個人背景變項、社會學習變項及環境變項等對學童身體活動量的影響。本研究採分層集束抽樣法進行抽樣，抽取研究樣本共計1204人。研究方法包括健康體能測量及結構式問卷與身體活動量自填問卷調查。研究結果指出研究對象的健康體能多介於普通至好的層次間，但男生9～12歲組、女生11歲組的柔軟度屬於『不好』的層次。女生9歲組的心肺耐力屬於『不好』的層級；本研究的身體活動量男性顯著高於女性，所有影響變項進入逐步複迴歸分析，共篩選出影響身體活動量五個重要變項，依序進入分析的變項為『年齡』、『角色楷模數』、『家庭運動設備數』、『性別』、『同儕支持』。以此五個變項來預測身體活動量時，共可解釋身體活動量18.2％的變異量。

This study surveys the health-related fitness of primary school children in an urban area and to examine the determinants of physical activity which included the personal characteristics, social learning and environmental variables. Following the cluster sampling method, the study collected 1204 samples of urban students. The data include results of health-related fitness tests, closed-end questionnaire and three day physical activity log. The results of analysis were revealed that the physical fitness of students was between general to good. Both the 9~12 years boys and the 11 years girls had not good flexibility. The cardiovascular endurance of 9 years girls was not good. The boys' physical activity was significantly higher than the girls'. Using the stepwise multiple regression analysis, the study find the important determinants were age, role modeling, home sport facility, sex and peer support. They could explain the variance of 18.2%.