使用德菲法、層級分析法與資料包絡分析法求解廠址選擇問題

Efficient Methodology for Facility Location Problem Solving with Combination of Delphi Method, AHP and DEA

本文旨在展示一套創新且完整的歸納程序，利用不同的方法具有個別的特性，包括：李克特量表、AHP、德菲法與DEA，將其應用在解析過程的不同階段，系統性地建立多目標而客觀的廠址選擇流程，並找出最佳廠址。正確的廠址選擇，可使企業節省成本及提高利潤，更提高企業在全球競爭市場之優勢，對企業未來成長產生重大影響。而過去的廠址選擇採用單純的作業研究法 (Operations Research)居多，在目前多目標選擇下實屬不足。因此本研究的重點在發展一套模式，此模式可供多種不同的行業，在多目標的選擇下決定最適當的廠址。以多方法的彙整，讓最佳廠址的選擇過程完整且謹慎。透過對導電橡膠公司A 的廠址選擇為例，呈現此方法論的應用。對於相同產業的其他公司，可採用此包含DEA 之完整程序獲得個別的標的。對於不同產業，也可利用本研究中系統化方法論，作為廠址選擇的最佳歸納模式。

This paper presents a creative and complete procedure to systematically find solutions for facility location using multiple approaches as AHP, Delphi, and DEA. Several methods with their own characteristics are applied in different stages of the methodology construction. Effective decision of facility location selection can help companies save costs, increase profits and enhance competitive superiority of global market. Therefore, facility location is extremely important for industrial growth. But the Operations Research can not satisfy for multiple purposes selection. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop process to find out proper facility locations. The combination of methods aids in the decision-making process for ideal facility locations. A case study of facility location in the conductive rubber industry is then explored. The application of this thorough procedure provides an individual reference for other companies in the same industry. For different industries, the systemized methodology in this study can be used as an ideal model for facility location selection.