臺灣地方法院管理效率之探討：三階段資料包絡分析法之應用

A Study of Efficiency of District Courts in Taiwan: A Three-Stage DEA Approach

利用1997 至2006 年台灣地方法院資料，本文首先以DEA 評估個別法院的管理效率，然後將無效率部份透過SFA 分離出外在因素與統計干擾對無效率的影響，最後再評估調整後的管理效率。未考量與考量外在因素與統計干擾的管理效率評估結果皆顯示，各法院間存在顯著性差異，且多數法院的管理效率仍有改善空間。SFA 估計結果顯示，法官占法院全體員工人數比率、通常訴訟占訴訟案件比率及人口數對民事與刑事管理效率皆有正向影響，但法院規模對民事與刑事管理效率有負向影響；而辦案維持率與折服率對民事管理效率有負向影響，但對刑事管理效率卻有正向影響。調整前、後的各項效率評估值間皆存在顯著差異；雖然逐年增加經費與人員，法院管理效率似乎尚未顯現改善趨勢。

Based on the data of Taiwan’s district courts during the period of 1997-2006, this paper uses the three-stage DEA to assess technical efficiency of district courts. First, DEA is applied to obtain initial measure of efficiency without taking output quality, district courts’ and environmental characteristics into account and, then, SFA is used to investigate and adjust district courts’ outputs for the impacts of external variables and statistical noise. Finally, the adjusted data is used to re-evaluate technical efficiency. The empirical results before and after the adjustment all show that the differences among district courts’ efficiency mearsures are significant and there exists an ample space for most of them to improve their efficiency. The results of SFA show that, for both civil and criminal cases, the ratio of judges to total employees, the ratio of regular proceeding cases to civil and criminal action cases and the population of jurisdiction have positive impacts on efficiency, while district court’s size has a negative influence on efficiency. The affirmed rate and subduing rate have negative influences on efficiency of civil cases, while they have positive impacts on efficiency of criminal cases. Technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency measures at the stage three are significantly different from those at the stage one. The efficiency of Taiwan’s district courts has not been improved although their budgets and numbers of employees have been increased.