應用計劃行為理論探討公務人員之運動行為：以嘉義市政府為例

Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Examine the Exercise Behavior in Civil Servants: A Case Study of the Chia-Yi Municipal Government

本研究旨在應用計劃行為理論探討對公務員運動行為的影響。研究樣本為嘉義市政府正式編制人員，以結構問卷評量主觀規範、態度、知覺行為控制、意圖、運動行為，發出352份，共299人完成評量，平均年齡43.07 ± 8.40歲，將所得資料以結構方程模式處理。結果發現：（1）主觀規範、態度、知覺行為控制可直接正向影響意圖。（2）知覺行為控制、意圖可直接正向影響第1個月運動行為。（3）第1個月運動行為可直接正向影響第6個月運動行為。（4）透過意圖，主觀規範、態度、知覺行為控制可間接正向影響第1個月運動行為。（5）透過第1個月運動行為，意圖可間接正向影響第6個月運動行為。結論指出計劃行為理論變項是公務員運動行為重要影響因子，建議應從態度、他人支持、能力控制、參與意願層面擬訂行為改變策略，以提升運動參與程度。

This study aimed to apply the theory of planned behavior to examine the impact of the exercise behavior in civil servants. The samples were all the Chia-Yi government employees. A structured questionnaire was designed to assess the subjective norms, attitudes, perceived behavioral control, intentions and exercise behaviors. Among the total 352 participants, there were 299 participants completing the questionnaire (an average age of 43.07 ± 8.40 years old). The collected data was analyzed by the structural equation modeling. The results were as the followings: (1) the subjective norms, attitudes, perceived behavioral control could have directly positive effects on intention. (2) The perceived behavioral control and intentions could have directly positive effects on exercise behavior in the first month. (3) The first month could have directly positive effects on exercise behavior in the sixth month. (4) Through the intention, the subjective norms, attitudes and perceived behavioral control could have indirectly positive effects on the exercise behavior in the first month. (5) Through the exercise behavior in the first month, the intention could have indirectly positive effects on the exercise behavior in the six month. The conclusion indicated that the theory of planned behavior was an important factor in the exercise behavior of the civil servants. It is suggested that a better behavior change strategy be proposed to promote the civil servants’ exercise participation in the aspects of the attitude, the support from people around, the ability to control themselves, and the willingness.