英文摘要 |
In Mandarin Chinese, when the verbal perfect aspect marker le occurs with an individual-level predicate, it can denote unexpectedness, functioning as a mirative marker. The mirative le construction is syntactically different from a transitive comparative construction. The paper argues for a parallelism between counterfactual morphology and counter-expectedness morphology. It is shown that the feature [Exclusion] covers both the fake past tense in the former and the fake perfect aspect in the latter.
當國語動詞表完成貌的標記“了”出現在穩定性性質謂語時,它可表達非預期意,有標示超常語意的功能。“了”的這種用法跟“了”在比較句中的用法不同。本文提出國語的這種特殊的動詞型態變化可對應於英語的表非現實意的過去式。兩種情況都可用「排斥性」這一特徵來概括在時間,空間,以及心理空間上對某種參照點的偏離。 |