霧台魯凱接觸衍生韻律的語音實證

Phonetic Evidence for the Contact-Induced Prosody in Budai Rukai

本篇論文調查原住民語言霧台魯凱重音韻律接觸的型態。透過對於重音接觸語音表述的實證，韻律接觸的假設得到進一步證實。霧台魯凱方言的對比重音，正在發展可預測性的倒數第二音節型態重音，此類新型態的發展，在近期的移居地或遷村後的部落特別顯著。調查結果發現，常與排灣族人接觸的霧台魯凱族人傾向於發出排灣語的型態重音，在此類的韻律變體中，選擇性的排除韻律公制已被應用，歷史發展的附和元音被視為本體真實元音。在三音節及更長的韻律字當中，韻律接觸型態已由倒數第三音節轉移至倒數第二音節重音型態，由排除韻律公制中釋放。研究結果顯示，霧台魯凱族人之間的韻律變化性也會影響韻律接觸的重音移轉。

This paper investigates the contact-induced prosody in Budai Rukai, an Austronesian language spoken in Taiwan. By providing phonetic representations of word stress shift in Budai Rukai, the contact-induced prosody has been further verified. The contrastive stress in the Budai dialect is in the process of developing predictable penultimate stress resulting in innovations in new settlements. Budai Rukai speakers who have frequent contact with Paiwan speakers tend to produce the Paiwan stress patterns. The prosodic change has applied an optional rule of extrametricality, and echo vowels have been treated as proper vowels in the varieties. Antepenultimate stress becomes penultimate stress in trisyllabic or longer prosodic words, with a release from extrametricality. Results also suggest that speaker variability affected the stress shift in Budai Rukai. 本篇論文調查原住民語言霧台魯凱重音韻律接觸的型態。透過對於重音接觸語音表述的實證，韻律接觸的假設得到進一步證實。霧台魯凱方言的對比重音，正在發展可預測性的倒數第二音節型態重音，此類新型態的發展，在近期的移居地或遷村後的部落特別顯著。調查結果發現，常與排灣族人接觸的霧台魯凱族人傾向於發出排灣語的型態重音，在此類的韻律變體中，選擇性的排除韻律公制已被應用，歷史發展的附和元音被視為本體真實元音。在三音節及更長的韻律字當中，韻律接觸型態已由倒數第三音節轉移至倒數第二音節重音型態，由排除韻律公制中釋放。研究結果顯示，霧台魯凱族人之間的韻律變化性也會影響韻律接觸的重音移轉。