否定範疇與現代漢語「所」字結構

NegP and the Particle Suo in Mandarin Chinese

本文主張現代漢語不存在否定範疇。主要證據來自比較弱代詞「所」與羅曼語系弱代詞在否定句中的分佈。若羅曼語系否定詞分析為否定範疇之核心語，現代漢語否定詞則無法如此分析。此外，文獻中支持否定範疇的分析也受到檢視與反駁。在結論中，本文重申主要論點，也指出未來可繼續研究之議題。

The main purpose of this article is to argue against a NegP analysis of the negative particles bu and mei in Mandarin Chinese. We first present the cliticization test, which is widely used by Romance linguistics for the head status of negative particles. Then a similar argumentation based on the clitic suo is applied to negative particles in Mandarin Chinese. Under a UG approach, the result indicates that if negative particles in Romance are heads of NegP, those in Mandarin Chinese should not be. This, together with our close examination of the invalid arguments advanced in the literature, to the best of our knowledge, for a NegP approach to Mandarin Chinese, renders questionable the source of motivation for NegP in Mandarin Chinese. This article concludes by reiterating the main claim and by bringing forth some important relevant issues for future studies. 本文主張現代漢語不存在否定範疇。主要證據來自比較弱代詞「所」與羅曼語系弱代詞在否定句中的分佈。若羅曼語系否定詞分析為否定範疇之核心語，現代漢語否定詞則無法如此分析。此外，文獻中支持否定範疇的分析也受到檢視與反駁。在結論中，本文重申主要論點，也指出未來可繼續研究之議題。