英文摘要 |
This study aims to investigate Yami reduplication based on the Morpheme Doubling Theory (MDT). Two major types of reduplication are identified: full and partial reduplication. Under the MDT model, Ca-reduplication is classified as a subtype of partial reduplication, whereas rightward reduplication is a type of full reduplication. In addition, reduplication can be analyzed either as infixation or prefixation depending on the patterns of morphophonemic alternation. Most reduplication occurs in word stems; however, there are cases that target prefixes. The core meanings expressed by Yami reduplication can be categorized into three major processes: (1) consecutive: plurality (collectivity, quantification, distributivity, plurality of participants) and repetition/continuation (spatial extension, habituative, progressive, imperfective, locative alternation), (2) cumulative: intensification, comparison, diminution, and (3) non-iconic: attenuation and imitation/fakeness.
本研究從「語素重疊理論」角度探討達悟語重疊現象,發現達悟語基本上呈現兩種主要重疊模式﹕「整體重疊」和「部分重疊」。依此理論,「Ca-重疊」可歸類為部分重疊,而「向右重疊」可分析為整體重疊。其次,重疊現象還可依詞音位變化形式,分成「中綴式重疊」和「前綴式重疊」兩類。大部分重疊現象發生於詞幹,但亦有少數例子發生於詞綴。達悟語由重疊現象所產生之核心語意,大致可分為三大類﹕(一)逐步語意(包括複數、集合、分佈、重複、延續、進行、狀態、習慣、反復),(二)累積語意(包括強化、比較、弱化),和(三)非象形語意﹕(包括稍微、假裝)。 |