英文摘要 |
This paper studies how the speaker-hearer interaction has motivated the first-person and second-person speech frames to undergo grammaticalization. Through the mechanisms of metonymy and pragmatic inferencing, the speech frame wo shuo has become a thought frame, and even a pragmatic marker of self-assertion to take the floor and secure attention. Ni shuo, on the other hand, acquires a concessive reading and is further grammaticalized into a pragmatic marker of contrast and attention getting through pragmatic inferencing.
說話者與聽者之互動,與文法的塑成,一直都是密切相關。本文根據斷代語料,觀察出第一人稱與第二人稱話語框架「我說」、「你說」,因說者與聽者的互動,而顯現出虛化的現象。藉由轉喻推論(metonymic inferencing)與語用推論 (pragamatic inferencing),「我說」已從話語引述蛻變成思想引述,最後再虛化成語用標誌 (pragmatic marker),用以吸引聽者的注意。說話者使用「我說」來宣稱自己的意見,但當使用「你說」時,說話者要求聽者證實或認同,在互動的過程中,「你說」甚至能引介表讓步的條件子句,語用推論也讓「你說」虛化成表對比、吸引注意,以尋求合著(coauthorship)關係的語用標誌。 |