高雄市客家地區外籍配偶家庭親職教養問題及其改善途徑

The Parental Education Issue and Improvement of Foreign Spouse Families in Hakka Community in Kaohsiung

本研究旨在探討高雄市客家地區外籍配偶家庭的親職教養現況與問題及其改善途徑。為達成目的，本研究採取文本分析法、問卷調查法、訪談法等三種研究方法。重要發現如下：1.高雄市客家地區外籍配偶教養孩子首重管教。2.她們極欲了解孩子的學習狀況並參與教育活動。3.她們的教養類型採民主權宜型居多。4.她們面臨的較大問題是中文駕馭能力差。5.她們與先生之間較嚴重的隔閡是教養觀念差異。6.她們近半的人深感家計壓力大。7.她們有部分人感受到親子語文互動需補強。8.她們有部分人表示子女情緒發展待改善。9.她們約三成的人需要導師的支持等。10.她們希望獲得教養子女適當有效的態度、方法，以及關於小孩身心發展的知識和相應的輔導理念與技巧。11.她們多數人期盼臺灣社會加強多元文化的包容與接納觀念。12.她們建議施行外籍配偶家庭教育基金補助、廣增外籍配偶就業機會等。要言之，高雄市客家地區外籍配偶家庭親職教養上，有其關注的重點和內容，有其切身的難題和改善之訴求。

The primary aim of this research is to study the parental education situation, problems and improvement for the foreign spouse families in Hakka Community in Kaohsiung. In order to fulfill the purpose, the research adopts three methods: content analysis, questionnaires, and interview survey. The key discovers are fallowed: 1. Discipline is the main focus of the parental education of foreign spouse families in Hakka Community in Kaohsiung. 2. They are eager to involve the learning process of their kids and participate in the educational activities. 3. Their parenting method mainly adapt to “authoritarian democracy”. 4. The Major obstacle for the mothers is that mandarin is hard to mastered 5. The concept of parenting has a huge gap between the wife and their husbands. 6. Almost half of them are experiencing high degree of financial pressure. 7. Some of them feel the necessity of improving parent/child lingual interaction. 8. Some of them are expecting improvement of the emotional development of their children. 9. About 30% of the foreign spouse families need the support from the children teachers. 10. They wish to receive knowledge and corresponding consulting in terms of concept and techniques towards attitude, methods and mental and physical development on how to educate their children. 11. Most of them anticipate the Taiwanese society to be more tolerated and to accept the concept of multiculturalism. 12. They suggest setting up the education fund for foreign spouse families and creating job opportunities for them. In sum, the foreign spouse families of Hakka Community in Kaohsiung have their own focuses and context as well as their demand on immediate problems and improvement.