論媒介現實之論述分析

An Introduction to Discourse Analysis of Media Reality

本文主旨介紹本文分析(textual analysis)的理論演進及其對新聞內容分析方法上的貢獻。首先討論的主題包括囿於語言體系內差異關係研究之結構語言學(structural linguistics)，記號學(semiology)，以及語言體系與社會情境互相滲透的文法功能學派、語用學派及T.VanDijk的論述分析(discourse analysis)等。其次，介紹傳播學者或者語言學者如何運用這些理論和概念， 由字彙、句子、甚至本文層次以解讀埋藏於傳播訊息中的社會權力關係。

Because the study of discourse has become a large field in the past ten years, the discussion of this essay is 1imited to the major aspects of the structures and functions of 1anguage. At first, the notions of structuralism, semiology and the critical 1anguage school are introduced. Secondly, we pay attenti on to the areas of discoure analysis cultivated by Teun van Dijk who combined the study of individual words, phrases and sentences into an analysis of structures and functions of actual forms of 1anguage use. Finally, we develop some concepts and strategies which are used recently to study the language and to explicate the structure and meaning of texts, and we truely recommand that they are useful in application to the study of news.