邁向整全的人：儒家的人觀

Towards a Holistic Person: A View on “Person” in Confucianism

本文嘗試從我們自己文化的主流傳統—儒家思想中，對「人」的特有觀點進行詮釋與反省的工作；也由於作為一個邁向二十一世紀的後現代人，作者也不免將中國儒家哲學置於當今世界多元文化的一元，不排除與其他文化傳統可有的對話與交流。首先，從語源的角度分析中西文的「人」字（Anthropos，Homo，Man，Person，人）；其次，點出儒家哲學的本質是一種「人學」，而人學即是「仁學」；再者，這樣的人學或仁學由於觀照人的全體大用，甚至上通於天，天人合德，因此是恰當地說明了人的意義與價值，可說是一種「整全的人」。

This paper is an attempt to interpret and reflect on the specific view on “Person” in Chinese mainstream culture-Confucianism. In the course of discussion, I shall regard the thought of Confucianism as a part of the multiculture in the modern world. And it is possible for Confucianism to communicate with and exchange experiences with other cultures. I would like in this paper to firstly analyze the term “Person”(Anthropos, Homo, Man, 人) from an etymological point of view. Secondly, I would like to point out the fact that the nature of the thought of Confucianism is ‘philosophical anthropology that is theory of Jen(仁學). Besides, due to the fact that this philosophical anthropology or theory of Jen is concerned with man as a whole-even man is in connection with Heaven, and possesses the unity of virtue of Heaven and man-it properly explicates the meaning and value of man, i.e. the holistic person.