九○年代中國大陸地區家庭觀念及關係變化狀況研究

A Study of the Change of Family Concept and Family Relation in Mainland China of 1990’s

中國自八○年代開始的經濟改革不僅意味著大陸地區經濟制度的轉型，也推動著整個社會的現代化轉型。由此，帶來了家庭結構、家庭觀念以及婚戀行為的極大變化。社會結構在家庭這個層面上發生的變化涉及到最廣大的公眾，自然也倍受社會廣泛而深切的關注。本文擬以實際調查資料為基礎，運用第一手問卷調查數據和訪談材料，研究這一特定背景下的家庭變化情況。本文的分析線索如下︰（1）九○年代家庭觀念變化的背景分析。以認識這一變化發生的直接與間接原因，認識這一變化的必然性和廣泛性，為下文的現象透視和變化趨向分析提供一個可理解的背景材料。（2）八○至九○年代中國大陸社會變遷中的家庭觀念及模式變化的實證考察。主要從婚姻關係和父母子女關係的變化兩方面著手，意在揭示當今家庭觀念的演變及其帶來的家庭結構與傳統模式的差異。（3）分析這一變化的發展走向。（4）討論家庭關係及觀念變化帶來的社會問題。

China's economic reforms arising since the early 1980's not only represent the transformation of the economic system in the Mainland, but also exert a decisive impact on all aspects of social modernization. Consequently, family structure and concept, as well as marriage behavior are caught in a storm of changes, which people are most involved in and concerned over. In this paper, based on actual investigations, the data gained from inquiries and the statistics gathered from first-hand questionnaires are used to analyzed the family change under such a specific background. The clue to the analysis follows four aspects. First, the background for the change in family concept in the 1990's is analyzed. The purpose is to investigate into the direct and indirect reasons for such a change. The comprehensive knowledge of necessity of the change will provide background information for the analysis phenomenon perspective and change tendency. Second, the substantial evidences of changes in the family ties and structure in the transforming society from the 1980's to 1990's are investigated. The discussion begins with changes in two aspects: marriage connections and parental relation. The intention is to reveal the change of present family concept and the differences between family structure and conventional model. Third, the tendency of family change is analyzed. Finally, the impacts of the changes have brought about and the related social issues are also discussed.