護理介入方案對輕度中風患者之成效

The Effects of a Nursing Intervention Program for Patients with Minor Stroke

本研究為探討護理方案介入對輕度中風患者疾病知識、健康信念、遵從行為及健康結果的影響。採準實驗設計，針對一年內曾到某醫學中心就診之腦中風病患，以立意取樣邀請88位符合遷樣條件的個案，依求診次序編號，將單號列為實驗組，給予護理方案，雙號列為對照組，給予一般門診常規護理，護理方案介入前以防談方式對所有個案進行結構性問卷量表測試，並收集血液生化相關檢查值，經7～9週的介入措施後，於病人返回門診時，進行後測資料收集。將所收集資料以SPSS/PC套裝軟體進行統計分析。結果發現護理方案介入可增加實驗組患者的疾病知識得分（4.3分，p<0.001）、健康信念得分（7.9分，p<0.001）、服藥遵從行為得分（2.3分，p<0.001）、飲食遵從行為得分（6.0分，p<0.001）、運動遵從行為得分（16.5分，p<0.001）、體重控制遵從行為得分（0.44分，p<0.001）及戒菸遵從行為得分(p<0.05)，而健康結果(p>0.05)則未見顯著改善。整體而言，護理方案可以改善輕度中風患者的疾病知識、健康信念及遵從行為，仍為有效且值得進一步推廣的計畫。

The goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of a nursing intervention program for minor stroke patients on health knowledge, health beliefs, compliant behaviors, and health outcomes. Among the minor stroke patients who visited a teaching hospital within a period of one year,88 were selected for participation in the present study by means of a purposive sampling method with a quasi-experimental design.  After assigning a sequential number to all patients at admission, those with odd numbers were assigned to the experimental group, and those with even numbers were assigned to the control group. A nursing intervention program lasting 7 to 9 weeks was given to patients in the experimental group, while patients in the control group were treated with routine care. Before and after the experimental period, patients in both groups were interviewed with structural questionnaires. Data from associated blood biochemistry tests were also evaluated in both groups. Statistical analysis of data was performed using the SPSS/PC program. The results showed that patients who received the nursing intervention program had significant improvements compared with the control group in terms of health knowledge, health beliefs, compliance with medication, control over diet, compliance with exercise regimens and body weight control (p<0.001), as well as the rate of smoking cessation (p<0.05). However, the health outcomes of patients were not changed significantly (p>0.05). In summary, the nursing intervention program was effective in modifying the health knowledge, health beliefs, and compliance of minor stroke patients. Further application of this program is warranted.