促參法之締約程序法律關係中申請人的地位與權利保障

The Legal Status and Rights Protection of Applicants in the Pre-Contract Process Relationship under Act for Promotion of Private Participation in Infrastructure Projects

促參法施行後，依該法推動之促參案於履約期間發生許多爭議，但其實促參案於締約程序期間之實務案件也不少，應有就促參締約程序期間主辦機關和申請人彼此權利義務所構成法律關係與地位為整體分析之必要。本文乃以行政法法律關係之觀點嘗試體系化分析申請人在促參法締約程序期間之法律地位與權利保障。本文自學理演繹與比較德國法制法理，認為促參法所形成促參程序具有經濟行政分配程序和擔保行政之私程序的雙重特性，並在進一步歸納我國相關實務案例之法院見解後，認為在促參法所形成之整體法制規範下，促參案之申請人除依法和程序設計有其義務外，依促參法規範促參程序之進行，最優申請人和其他申請人，原則上各別依法享有程序參與之主動、被動（防禦）地位，從而視個案得享有不同種類之程序和實體請求權，因此在促參程序法律關係中得請求主辦機關為特定作為或不作為，乃至補償或賠償申請人損失等第一次權利保護與第二次權利保護之請求權利。

After Act for Promotion of Private Participation in Infrastructure Projects was enacted and promulgated, a lot of cases applying to this Act become controversial during performing. However, the problem in the contracting procedure is also serious in practice, so that the study of legal relationship between public sectors, called sponsor agencies in Act for Promotion of Private Participation in Infrastructure Projects, and the status of private applicant will be analyzed comprehensively and necessarily. This thesis researches, in the perspective of legal relationship of the administrative law, the legal status and rights protection of applicant in the contracting procedure of Act for Promotion of Private Participation in Infrastructure Projects, and try to systematize the rights protection of applicant during the pre-contracting procedure. Also, this thesis compares with the public procurement regulation and theory of Germany, and considers that the procedure of Act for Promotion of Private Participation in Infrastructure Projects consists of the distribution of economic procedure of the administration and guarantee private participation procedure of the administration. In addition, the study generalizes the view of the court about the relevant cases, and points that under Act for Promotion of Private Participation in Infrastructure Projects, applicants can be divide into the best applicant and other applicant. Because the best applicant and other applicant have different status, consisting of the positive and passive status, they have different kind of claims to require the Public sector to do or not to do something, even if requesting the reparation or compensation.